The consultant will assist the United States Energy Association to develop an operational network simulation model of the Kenya power system (KPS) using the PSS/E software platform. Upon completion of the operational model, the model will be utilized to carry out power system planning and operational studies including analysis of requests for connection/integration to the high-voltage network of selected new power generation plant, renewable energy projects and other power system equipment. The trainer will conduct advanced training of KPLC engineers in PSS/E applications and transmission planning, and interconnected grid operations.
The proposed model will be developed for the current state by updating and validating the current model used by KPLC, meaning it will represent the network in its current topology as a complement to the medium-term network topology planning models developed under an initial planning. In preparing the model, KPLC and KETRACO will provide detailed network, equipment and load data to be used for verification of the PSS/E model elements. The operational model will be developed using training to further improve the capacity of KPLC and KETRACO engineers to use the PSS/E planning software.
Shortly after initiation of the project, the consultant will conduct an on-site project inception and begin the training program. As part of the proposal, the consultant should propose a combination of formal trainings and/or workshops, depending on what is deemed most appropriate for this capacity building. In addition to PSS/E software training, the consultant will define key data and formats for the data to be collected by KPLC and KETRACO. With guidance from the consultant, as needed, KPLC and KETRACO will collect the data over a period of three months following project inception. The consultant will update the KPLC PSS/E model with the collected data and then validate it against real-time operation by comparison of its outputs with monitored outputs of the operation of the Kenya power system recorded at the national control center. The result will be a fully accurate and verified representation of the current network topology of the Kenya power system. The model will be suitable for daily operational use and power system analysis, i.e. load flow studies and contingency analysis, short circuit fault levels new generation connection requests, renewable energy integration studies, transient stability and dynamic analysis, etc. The consultant will design a method or standard operating procedure for maintaining and updating the operational model to ensure it is sustainable.
During the 2nd quarter, the consultant will conduct a training to further enhance KPLC modelling and analytical capacity to perform advanced contingency analyses considering multi-level contingency analyses, tripping simulations and corrective actions, voltage stability and reactive power planning.
Following this, KPLC and KETRACO will prepare realistic scenarios for mid-term horizon target year (3-5 years) by utilizing the previously developed model for the current state and modeling new transmission assets and generation projects from its network development plans. Using the newly developed operational model, and with support from the consultant, the KPLC/KETRACO team will conduct detailed load flow and contingency analysis with emphasis on evacuation of the proposed new generation connections and network security. This will be covered during a 5-day capacity building and network analysis training during the 3rd quarter. The analysis will identify power system constraints to full evacuation of the electricity produced by the generators being examined and assess their impact on grid stability. It will provide a set of recommendations for investments required to alleviate network congestion and bottlenecks, and other power system constraints that may compromise network reliability.
During the rest of the third quarter KPLC/KETRACO will collect sequence and dynamic power system data (in formats provided by the consultant) and update the existing short circuit and dynamic analysis models. The consultant will then conduct a 5-day capacity building training to enhance KPLC/KETRACO short circuit, dynamic simulation, and network stability analysis during the 4th quarter. The training will include theoretical aspects of power system dynamics, estimation methods for unavailable dynamic data and validation of dynamic responses. The consultant will prepare a KPLC 2020 dynamic model and short circuit and dynamic studies to assess network stability. The analysis will identify and recommend further network requirements to ensure medium-term network equipment adequacy and dynamic stability. The consultant will detail this in a medium term KPLC network short circuit and dynamic analysis report.
During the 5th quarter the consultant will conduct a 5-day capacity building training in modeling, simulation and analysis of intermittent renewable energy systems (wind and solar) and HVDC systems in PSS/E software. This will include theoretical aspects of integrating intermittent renewables into the power system in terms of grid stability (voltage, frequency and dynamic stability) and detailed stability analysis in PSS/E. Based on the analysis, the consultant will assist KPLC to identify practical levels of penetration of intermittent renewable energy in the current and medium term (2020) KPLC network.
The consultant will produce a report and recommendations on optimal renewable energy penetration for the current and 2020 system and required improvements or additional network equipment to improve grid stability to facilitate uptake of the contracted intermittent energy as deliverable. This aspect of capacity building is complementary to the renewable integration study (RIS) under the Grid Management Support initiative by Nexant consultants that covered the operational (dispatch) aspects of wind energy integration.
The following is an illustrative scope of work leading to the development of the operational load flow, short circuit and dynamic KPLC PSS/E model and its use in power system studies and analyzing new generation project(s), including renewable energy projects and HVDC systems
