These workshops addresed two topical areas of increasing interest in the region:  1) a refresher course on calculating net transfer capacity; and 2) modeling and simulating the behavior of HVDC back-to-back converter stations. The workshops were designed to build the capacity of participating TSOs to contribute to two technical studies being performed by BSTP this year: 1) an analysis of the potential to share balancing reserves among neighboring countries; and 2) updating the regional BSTP models to include proposed HVDC B2B converter stations in Armenia, Moldova, Romania and possibly, Ukraine.