Europe & Eurasia Energy News Articles for March 13, 2014
Energy Technology and Governance Program
Weekly collection of energy news articles for the region. Click on the links for access to original publications
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March 10-14 EAGP Geothermal Capacity Building Training Program – Module 9: “Business, Finance & Negotiation Issues” Nakuru, Kenya
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April 23 USEA Board of Directors Meeting Washington, DC
April 23 USEA Annual Membership Meeting and Public Policy Forum Washington, DC
Albania
Albania to reform pensions, energy, local government finances, public administration with the IMF loan– (Balkans) The Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) today approved a 36-month SDR 295.42 million (about €330.9 million, or about US$457.1 million; 492.4 percent of country's quota in the Fund) arrangement under the Extended-Fund Facility (EFF) for Albania in support of the authorities' reform program…
Tirana and Athens say that TAP will contribute in strengthening European energetic security– (Balkan EU) Authorities in Albania and Greece say that the Trans Adriatic Pipeline giant project will offer more security for the energetic situation in the European continent. Vice minister of Environment, Olijana Ifti has discussed on issues...
Energy Regulators of Albania, Greece and Italy Approve TAP Compliance Programme– (LNG World News) As mandated by the Final Joint Opinion which was approved by the three regulatory Authorities in June of 2013, TAP AG, has to implement functional unbundling prior to allocating capacity as a result of the first Phase...
Albania awards electricity trading licence to local co Spahiu-Gjanc– (SEENews) Albania’s energy regulator said it has awarded an electricity trading licence to local company Spahiu-Gjanc. The licence allows the company to operate as electricity trader in Albania for a 20-year period, the energy regulator said in a statement posted on its website…
Bulgaria
Duration of Blocks V and VI of NPP Kozloduy to be Extended by 30 More Years– (Energetika) Extending the life of the two VVER-1000s with a total capacity of 2000 MW will be in parallel with the scheduled annual maintenance, while measures to increase the thermal capacity of each reactor by 40 megawatts…
90% of energy resources Bulgaria needs come from Russia: minister – (Focus) ”It is impossible that I am not worried not so much by the merchandise exchange [Bulgaria has] with Ukraine but by the merchandise exchange [between Bulgaria] and Russia,” Bulgarian Economy and Energy Minister Drogomir Stoynev said at a sitting of the parliamentary Economic Policy and Tourism Committee, FOCUS News Agency reported...
Bulgaria to Not See Electricity Price Hikes in Years – (Novinite) Socialist MP Yavor Kuyumdzhiev has assured that electricity prices in Bulgaria will not increase for years. "Anybody may request an increase in power rates but what matters is what the State Commission for Energy and Water Regulation (DKEVR) permits, and the demands of power distributors are unrealistic," Kuyumdzhiev said Thursday in an interview for Nova TV…
Bulgaria ex-energy minister: I do not expect electricity price hike – (Focus) “I do not expect increase of the electricity price hike,” said Traycho Traykov, former minister of energy in the government of the Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria (CEDB), speaking in an interview for the weekend morning programme of Nova TV...
Bulgarian NEC Requests to Sell More Expensive Electricity – (Energetika) On Friday, NEC announced on its website that as of 1 July 2014, the price of the "public supply” service should be increased by about 250%. Although it may sound frightening, calculated as a percentage…
Bulgaria Has Achieved its 2020 Renewable Energy Target – (Novinite) Bulgaria, Estonia and Sweden have achieved their 2020 renewable energy targets, according to Eurostat. The share of renewables in gross final energy consumption is one of the headline indicators of the Europe 2020 strategy. The target to be reached by 2020 for the EU28 is a share of 20% renewable energy use in gross final energy consumption...
Bulgaria, Estonia and Sweden met their 2020 renewables targets eight years early – (Blue & Green) Bulgaria, Estonia and Sweden met their 2020 renewable energy targets in 2011/12, according to new analysis from the statistical office of the European Union…
Three EU Countries Hit 2020 Renewable Benchmarks Early – (Kitsap Sun) Newly released data shows that three European Union member countries have already met their renewable energy goals for 2020. A number of other members are also well on their way to meeting their benchmarks, though some countries, most notably the U.K., are a long ways away…
Bulgaria: Recycling Fee for Importers of Photovoltaics. State Puts 0.975 Euro Tax on Solar Panels– (Energetika) The recycling fees exist for any home, office or professional appliance and it is standard that such a tax applies to photovoltaics, as well. In Bulgaria, however, it was introduced without much noise and a lot…
EVN Bulgaria Offers Refund to Renewables for Cancelled Grid Access Fee by April 15 – (Publics) EVN Bulgaria has proposed to renewable energy producers connected to its electricity network a payment scheme aimed at refunding them for the grid access fee they paid until recently. EVN said that their proposal is related to the cancelling of a decision of the State Energy and Water Regulatory Commission from 2012 introducing a temporary fee on renewables…
Bulgaria foreign minister: South Stream suspended because of Crimea – (Focus) “The South Stream gas pipeline project should be suspended until the situation between Russia and Ukraine clarifies”, Bulgarian Foreign Minister Kristian Vigenin said on Saturday, as quoted by 24 Chasa daily…
Bulgaria Insists on Building South Stream Gas Pipe – Energy Ministry – (Novinite) Bulgaria's Ministry of Economy and Energy has insisted that the South Stream gas pipeline must be built because the project is essential for the security of supply to the country. The media statement comes after an announcement by EU Energy Commissioner Guenther Oettinger that the European Commission would delay talks on the implementation of the project…
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Energy Community: New Dispute Settlement Case Against Bosnia and Herzegovina for Incomplete Transposition of Directive on Energy End-Use Efficiency and Energy Services– (Energetika) The purpose of the Directive is to make the end-use of energy more economic and efficient by establishing indicative targets and incentives as well as the institutional, financial, and legal frameworks needed…
Bosnia increases liberalization of energy sector– (World Bulletin) The Federal government of Bosnia and Herzegovina is to liberalize its energy sector, said the Bosnian Minister for Energy on Wednesday. The sector is a socialist reminder of former communist Yugoslavia, and its liberalization is a move that Minister of Energy, Mining and Industry of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Erdal Trhulj, describes as: "the most important economic reform of the last 50 years…
Federation BIH Adopts Plan to Restructure Electricity Sector– (Energetika) The key changes based on the law on electricity in Federation B-H, adopted last year, are directed at functional separation of activities in that sector and independent status for distribution of electricity…
Construction of Bočac 2 Hydro Power Plant on River Vrbas to Begin This Year– (Energetika) Managing Director of Hidroelektrarne na Vrbasu, Nedeljko Kesić, said the energy facility would be constructed on the reservoir of the Bočac hydroelectric plant, which also includes a dam.With a capacity of 10 M…
Croatia
Minister says Croatia important for regional energy stability– (Dalje) Economy Minister Ivan Vrdoljak said after talks with US officials for energy and Southeast Europe in Zagreb on Monday that Croatia's energy projects had an important role in securing a reliable and diversified supply of energy products to the region and the entire Europe…
Spain-based Acciona identifies new wind power opportunities in Croatia– (Energetika) The company’s plans for the future include efficiency improvement and growth in new markets, Mateo (right) said. To this end, they have already started constructing wind turbines in South Africa, Chile…
EBRD funds Croatian district heating upgrade– (COSPP) Croatia’s largest port city is to receive €10 million to fund upgrades to its district heating network. A loan from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) will support the city of Rijeka’s programme to modernise its district heating system in response to rising heat demand and in line with EU regulations. The loan will go to district heating service provider Energo-Rijeka, which has a 30-year contract with the city...
Macedonia
Macedonians debate economic development and the environment– (SET Times) Authorities are planning to build a new hydro-electric power plant at Lukovo Pole in Macedonia, but some are objecting, citing what they believe are negative effects on the environment. The new plant - located near the three-border area with Kosovo and Albania -- would tie in with three existing hydropower plants to form a unified system that officials said will meet much of Macedonia's energy demand...
Montenegro
Montenegro eyes PPP for an aerial cableway to connect Cetinje and Koto– (Balkans) Montenegrin Government approved a loan agreement between the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the Montenegrin Electrical Transmission System for the project of setting up a high voltage cable between the municipalities of Tivat and Pljevlja...
Romania
Romania well on its way to 2020 renewable energy target, above EU average– (Romania-Insider) Romania has increased energy from renewables 6.1 percent from 2004 to 2012, and now draws almost 23 percent of power from green sources – well above the European average…
EBRD to Provide Loan for €200-Million-Worth Wind Farm in Romania– (Energetika) The construction of Romania’s 36-turbine wind park began late last year. When finished by mid-2015, it will produce 108 MW of electricity. This project is expected to reduce CO2 emissions by 140,000 tons per year…
Romania’s Hidroelectrica wants to sell EUR 15 mln worth of energy on power exchange OPCOM– (Romania-Insider) Romanian state – owned energy producer Hidroelectrica plans to sell energy worth some EUR 15 million on the local power exchange OPCOM, with bid scheduled on March 11 and 12. Hidroelectrica plans to sell more than 440,000 Mwh, with asking prices varying between RON 153 and RON 175 (EUR 34 and EUR 39), depending on the quantity sold…
EC fines Romanian energy market operator OPCOM with EUR 1 million– (The Diplomat) The European Commission fined the Romanian electricity and gas market operator OPCOM EUR 1 million for abusing its dominant position on the national market of electricity spot transactions, thus infringing the EU competition norms, according to an EC release published this week in Brussels, quoted by Agerpres...
Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein give Romania EUR 8 mln for energy efficiency – (Romanian-Insider) Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein will donate EUR 8 million to Romania to finance energy efficiency programs aiming to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases…
EU's antitrust regulator fines Romania’s only power-exchange– (Balkans) The European Union antitrust regulator fined Europe’s two biggest electricity exchanges for near-term delivery as well as Romania’s only power-exchange. Romania’s power-exchange operator, Opcom SA, was penalized 1 million euros for imposing restrictions on foreign entrants to the country’s wholesale electricity market, the EU said…
A boost of EUR 167 billion of EU funds for the CEE region – (The Diplomat) The autonomous Connecting Europe Facility (CEF) will additionally support strategic projects in transport, energy and telecommunication infrastructure. The facility will enable the implementation of several significant projects in individual states, with cross-border impact and total approved allocation volume of EUR 33.3bn…
Romania's Alro plans for plant shutdown – (Metal Bulletin) The company is forced to prepare a plan to shut down a predominant part of key primary aluminium production facilities, thus drastically reducing the electricity consumption," it said. Renewable energy taxes have increased in Romania following the commissioning of new and wind-generation capacities installed over the past few years…
Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania adopt joint declaration for regional cooperation – (Balkans) Serbia's Prime Minister Ivica Dacic, Prime Minister of the Republic of Bulgaria Plamen Oresharski and Prime Minister of Romania Victor Ponta held a trilateral meeting in Ruse, Bulgaria, after which they adopted a joint declaration…
Danube's harsh soil delay Bulgaria-Romania pipeline – (Turkish Press) The construction of a natural gas pipeline that will connect the Bulgarian and Romanian gas grids has been delayed due to difficulties under the Danube River. Officials from the Bulgarian Ministry of Economy and Energy announced on Thursday that the construction of the Giurgiu-Ruse pipeline was due to be completed in March…
Seeking Energy Independence, Europe Faces Heated Fracking Debate– (NPR) While watching the turmoil in Ukraine unfold, you may feel as though it has little to do with the United States, but the conflict is stirring a contentious debate in Europe over a topic familiar to many Americans: fracking…
Serbia
In Serbia, new HPP along River Sava– (Energetika) Representatives of the Pećinci municipality have recently signed a Memorandum of Understanding in Vojvodina on strategic partnership with Wolf Plush, including direct investment of about EUR 250 million in cons…
Voith makeover for Serbia hydro – (reNews) Voith Hydro has signed a deal to modernise the 96MW Zvornik hydro plant on the River Drina in Serbia. The Austrian company will replace four generators and four Kaplan turbines, plus automation systems and mechanical and electrical ancillary equipment at the facility on the River Drina (pictured)…
Serbian government gives green light to power exchange– (Energetika) “We have finally been given the green light to set up the power exchange. We are developing the project in collaboration with a French company with considerable experience in electricity trade. Apart from Serbi…
Serbia expects ovr 200 million euros investment in new hydroelectric power plants construction – (Balkans) Serbia’s Energy Minister Zorana Mihajlovic and representatives of 20 local governments in the country signed a memorandum on cooperation in the construction of small hydroelectric power plants (SHPP) with a total capacity of 60 MW…
400 proposals for small hydro projects in Serbia– (Energetika) Between EUR 200 and 250 million will have to be invested in construction of new small hydro projects, and good coordination of local governments and the state will prevent any delays for foreign and domestic…
Armenia
EP approves report envisaging prospects for Armenia and EaP countries– (ArmenPress) The European Parliament (EP) approved the report envisaging prospects for Armenia and Eastern Partnership countries. The EP urged the European Union to immediately carry out policy that will have a positive impact on mobility, energy and transport…
Armenia’s Electricity Grid Up for Sale? The Financial Odyssey of ENA– (HETQ) On March 7, the Yerkir am news site in Armenia wrote that it had received information regarding the possible sale of Electric Networks of Armenia (ENA), the utility company that serves 935,000 customers in Armenia…
Power Struggle: Villagers worry that HPPs will dry-up irrigation resources– (Armenia Now) Residents of seven villages in Aragatsotn region of Armenia blocked the Yerevan-Aparan highway Thursday, demanding to suspend the construction of the small hydro power plant (SHPP) on Aparan-Yerevan water canal (Arzni-Shamiram subsidized canal), which, in their opinion, would destroy their only source of income – orchards, by reducing the already insufficient irrigation water supply…
Armenia and U.S. government to continue cooperation on energy diversification– (ArmenPress) The Minister of Finance of the Republic of Armenia Davit Sargsyan and Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the USA to Armenia John Heffern on March 4 discussed the results of the session of the Armenian-American Intergovernmental Commission held in Washington, DC…
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan-Georgia-Turkey energy bridge to start deliveries in 2014– (Trend) The "Azerbaijan-Georgia-Turkey energy bridge", involving the supply of electricity among these three countries, will be launched this year, the head of the Azerenergy JSC (production and electric energy distribution) Etibar Pirverdiyev told journalists on March 5…
Azerbaijan-Georgia-Turkey power bridge to be launched in 2014– (Oil & Gas) The Azerbaijan-Georgia-Turkey energy bridge, involving the supply of electricity among these three countries, will be launched this year, the head of the Azerenergy JSC (production and electric energy distribution) Etibar Pirverdiyev told journalists on March 5, Trend has reported…
Alternative ways of energy supply in Azerbaijan– (Azernews) Resource-rich Azerbaijan also has a wealth of favorable climates that can enlarge the energy sources of the country. Azerbaijan, which is turning from oil-based economy to the non-oil sector, is now developing alternative ways of power production…
New power plants to be commissioned in Azerbaijan in 2014 – (Trend) A modular power station with the capacity of 16.5 megawatts is planned to be commissioned in Lerik (southern region) of Azerbaijan in the first half of 2014, a 2013 government report presented to the Azerbaijani Parliament said. Azerenergy JSC is the largest producer of electricity in Azerbaijan…
Azerbaijan to commission new power plants in 2014– (Azernews) Azerbaijan will increase the number of its power plants this year. A modular power station with a 16.5 megawatt capacity is planned to be commissioned in the southern region of Lerik in the first half of the year, report of the Azerbaijani government for 2013 said…
Azerbaijan can export over 2 billion kW/h of electricity annually – (Trend) Azerbaijan's energy capacity grew by 12.9 percent and reached 7,100 megawatts last year, 2013 report of the Azerbaijani government said. The report said that the power grid allows production of 22-24 billion kilowatt / hours of electricity and ensures export of 2.1 billion kilowatt / hours electricity…
UK Foreign Secretary emphasises Azerbaijan’s role in ensuring energy security – (APA) Responding to a question in the House of Commons on 4 March, during a debate on the Ukrainian crisis and the escalating threat of Russia, the Rt. Hon. William Hague MP, UK Foreign Secretary, commented on the future role of Azerbaijan in maintaining European energy security…
Power system of Azerbaijan in 2013 – (Trend) The generation capacity of Azerbaijan’s power system exceeded 7,000 megawatt in 2013. Azerenergy JSC has over 200 substations with capacity of 500, 330, 220 and 110 KVA, as well as nine hydro power plants and 13 TPPs…
Azerbaijan Planning Third Stage Of Shah Deniz Project After 2025– (RigZone) Partners in Shah Deniz are drawing up plans for the third development stage of the major gas project after 2025, expecting to reach peak output at about 25 billion cubic metres (bcm) of gas per year, a source at Azeri state energy firm SOCAR said…
Long term cooperation – important aspect for ensuring Azerbaijani gas supply to Europe – (Trend) Long term and stable cooperation is important in terms of ensuring the supply of Azerbaijani gas to Europe, Deputy Vice-President of the State Oil Company of Azerbaijan (SOCAR), Vitaly Beylerbeyov said at the Azerbaijan Investment Summit, '2020 and further: accelerating economic development' in Baku on March 12…
Azerbaijan TPP generates over 1.3 billion kW / h of electricity in January-February– (Trend) The Azerbaijan Thermal Power Plant (TPP) generated 1.35 billion kilowatt / hours of electricity in January-February, 2014, compared to about 1.6 billion kilowatt / hours in the same period last year, Azerenergy, production and distribution of electricity in Azerbaijan reported on March 11…
OPEC predicts Azerbaijan's oil output at 0.86 mn bpd in 2014– (Trend) Azerbaijan's oil output will slightly decrease by 10,000 barrels per day (bpd) to 0.86 million bpd in 2014, according to OPEC March oil market report. The highest…
Georgia
Georgian Dream pre-election campaign staff to be headed by Energy Minister– (Trend) The Vice- Premier of Georgia's Energy Ministry, Kakha Kaladze was approved as the head of the Georgian Dream coalition`s pre-election campaign staff, the Secretary of the Georgia`s Natioanl Security Council, Irina Imerlishvili told journalist after a meeting of the political council of the coalition on March 10…
Georgian agency terminates contract with Kazakh’s Aksai– (Trend) The State Agency for Regulation of Oil and Gas Resources of Georgia has terminated the contract with Georgian-Kazakh Aksai-BMC by depriving it of its license. The state agency released information about the termination of the contract in its special statement on March 10…
Georgia lays gas pipeline section– (Trend) The process of laying a 25 - kilometer section of the Rustavi Sagarejo main gas pipeline started in Georgia. Georgian Energy Minister Kakha Kaladze and Minister of Regional Development and Infrastructure David Narmania examined the operations on March 7…
Moldova
Romania urges EU, U.S. to support Ukraine, Moldova in case of Russia's energy blackmail– (Bsanna News) Mircea Geoana, former Chairman of the Romanian Senate, Chairman of the Joint Committee of the Romanian Senate and Chamber of Deputies regarding Romania's Accession to the Schengen Area, believes that that in case of escalation of the conflict the EU and the U.S. should be prepared to assist Ukraine and Moldova politically, financially and economically, protecting these states from the Russian energy blackmail…
Turkey
MHI joins combined cycle power plant project in Turkey– (Penn Energy) Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI) based in Tokyo, Japan, and Ata Kombine Çevrim Santrali Elektrik Uretim Anonim Sirketi, a member of the Urundul Group based in Istanbul, Turkey, have signed a cooperation and strategic partnership agreement…
Turkey dependent on Russian gas via Ukraine– (Al-Monitor) On the morning of March 3, fallout from the Crimea crisis hit the European energy market. Over fears of a gas supply disruption similar to the 2006 and 2009 Russia-Ukraine gas crises, the benchmark oil price rose by 2%, gas futures climbed by 10% and Russian gas giant Gazprom's shares fell by 13%...
Ukrainian crisis not a threat to gas supply: Turkish energy minister – (Trend) Turkey doesn't expect the crisis in Ukraine to pose any risks to its energy supply, foreseeing that things will calm down, Energy Minister Taner Yilidiz has said Hurriyet Daily News reported…
Turkey's energy sector attracts highest foreign cash flow– (Turkish Press) Foreign cash flows into Turkey reached $10.2 billion by the end of 2013, with energy being the most attractive sector. According to International Foreign Investment data released by the country`s economy ministry, foreign cash flow into the Turkish energy sector reached $2.5 billion, a threefold increase from 2012…
Experts call for diversification of energy resources– (Turkish Weekly) Turkey has taken solid steps in securing European countries' energy demands and becoming a major transit point for oil and natural gas between the East and the West, energy specialists said at a recent conference in Istanbul...
Turkey's energy production in 2014 – (Turkish Press) Turkey's energy sector reached 64,000 megawatt (MWs) levels of installed capacity in electricity, according to energy ministry officials. In 2013, Turkey had around 57,000 MWs of electric power. It increased its capacity by 12 percent earlier this year, reaching 64,000 MWs. In January, 21 electricity power stations were put on line in 13 cities, allowing it to reach its projected capacity in 2014…
Turkey intends to become regional energy hub – (Azernews) Turkey intends to become a regional energy hub, Haldun Yalchinkaya, the Doctor at the Turkish University of Economics and Technology (TOBB) told Trend Agency on March 4. "Despite not all projects being implemented and there are some that were abandoned, Ankara is systematically working to be at the center of energy projects," he said…
Turkey aims to become regional energy hub – (Trend) Turkey is striving to turn into a regional energy hub, Doctor Haldun Yalcinkaya at the Turkish University of Economics and Technology (TOBB) told Trend on March 4. "Despite not all projects being implemented and there are some that were abandoned, Ankara is systematically working to be at the centre of energy projects," he added…
Mega-dams like Turkey’s Ilısu built to fail, study says– (Today’s Zaman) As emerging economies around the world pour billions into the construction of large dams to generate hydropower, a new study from the University of Oxford warns that such projects nearly always lead to heavy debts and environmental degradation…
Visiting the template for Turkey's nuclear future– (TurkishPress) An Anadolu Agency reporter has been given exclusive access to a Russian power plant which serves as the model for Turkey’s first domestic nuclear-energy facility. The Kalininskaya nuclear power plant (NPP), located about 200km from Moscow, has similar technical specifications to Turkey's planned first nuclear facility, Akkuyu, which will be built and operated by Russians in Mersin province, on Turkey’s Mediterranean coast…
Ukraine
Ukrainian reactors operate through turmoil – (WNN) Ukraine's nuclear energy plants have operated continuously during the recent political crisis in the country, operator Energoatom has reported. However, future fuel supplies for the plants are uncertain…
EU’s helping hand to Ukraine is key to sealing energy security deal– (The National) US commentators are keen to use their new-found energy resources as a geopolitical tool against Russia during the Ukraine crisis. But Europe needs a strategy of its own, not just passively waiting for the US cavalry…
Europe's energy markets anxious over Russia-Ukraine tension– (Turkish Press) Europeans are keen to avoid a return to the freezing winter of five years ago when the gas supply was switched off for nearly 13 days due to a Russia-Ukraine price dispute as tensions escalate again in the region due to Russia`s intervention in Crimea…
Moscow Tightens Squeeze on Ukraine Over Energy– (The Wall Street Journal) Russia used its biggest economic lever to ratchet up the pressure on Ukraine, threatening to cut off vital natural-gas shipments over allegedly unpaid bills. On the other side of the deepening East-West divide, the Pentagon said it had discussed the possibility of closer ties with Kiev for the first time…
Wall Street Journal: Moscow tightens squeeze on Ukraine over energy – (Kyiv Post) Russia used its biggest economic lever to ratchet up the pressure on Ukraine, threatening to cut off vital natural-gas shipments over allegedly unpaid bills. On the other side of the deepening East-West divide, the Pentagon said it had discussed the possibility of closer ties with Kyiv for the first time…
Energy bills could go up if Ukraine turbulence worsens– (The Times) Energy bills could go up if the instability in Ukraine drags on, a minister warned yesterday, as others scrambled to deny that there was “tacit acceptance” of the Russian takeover of the Crimean peninsula…
Eni CEO says Ukraine wake-up call for Europe energy policy-paper – (Reuters) The crisis in Ukraine does not yet pose a threat to gas supplies but it is a wake up call for Europe to rethink its energy strategy, the head of Italian oil and gas group Eni said on Saturday. In an interview with Italian daily La Stampa, Eni Chief Executive Paolo Scaroni said the standoff between Ukraine and Russia would not have an impact on gas supplies thanks partly to mild weather across Europe…
Clean energy for Ukraine would lessen Russian ties– (APP) Ukraine, once the “breadbasket of Europe” and home to Chernobyl, is dependent on Russia for fuel.Thinking long term, the efficient use by Ukrainians of solar, wind, biofuels, geothermal and hydro energy systems would enable Ukraine to be energy independent and politically independent from Russia…
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